What is non-revenue water? How can we reduce it for better water service?

Photo credit: A'Melody Lee / World Bank
Also available in 中文
with an economic value of over US$3 billion per year.
A World Bank study puts , half of which occurs in developing countries. Water utilities suffer from the huge financial costs of treating and pumping water only to see it leak back into the ground, and the lost revenues from water that could have otherwise been sold. If the water losses in developing countries could be halved, the saved water would be enough to supply around 90 million people.
We refer to it as non-revenue water (NRW), or water that is pumped and then lost or unaccounted for.
The need to manage NRW better and protect precious water resources has become increasingly important. , enhance financial performance, make cities more attractive, increase climate resilience and reduce energy consumption.